SMART IoT CONTAINER TRACKING AND PREDICTIVE LOGISTICS FOR ARCHIPELAGIC MARITIME TRANSPORTATION: AN EVIDENCE-BASED SYSTEM DESIGN FOR INDONESIA

Abstract

Tracking containers over archipelagic sea routes requires reliable condition sensing, low-power communication, and interoperability between ships and ports. This paper revises a proposed four-layer Smart Internet of Things (IoT) container tracking architecture for Indonesian maritime logistics using traceable peer-reviewed research, official Statistics Indonesia (BPS) publication records, and International Maritime Organization (IMO) digital reporting requirements. The architecture integrates container sensors, hybrid terrestrial/satellite connectivity, edge-based anomaly detection, and a logistics application interface. We formulate a dimensionally consistent battery-energy model and propose measurable field-validation protocols for telemetry delivery, cold-chain excursion detection, port dwell time, and system reliability. Existing studies support the technical relevance of multi-radio devices and satellite-linked container networks; however, the source manuscript provides no authenticated vessel telemetry, intervention logs, or port-level before-and-after datasets. Consequently, previously stated savings and performance percentages are not reported as empirical findings. This work contributes an auditable engineering design and evaluation framework rather than an unverified effectiveness claim.