Optimization of Construction Type and Cost Efficiency on Irrigation Inspection Roads: A Planning Study of DI Panca Jaya
Abstract
The construction of inspection roads in irrigation areas is a vital supporting infrastructure in supporting the sustainability of the agricultural system, especially in the aspects of maintaining channel networks and access to crop distribution. This study aims to evaluate the most optimal type of inspection road construction from the perspective of cost efficiency and structural resilience, with a case study on the technical planning of the Panca Jaya Irrigation Area (DI) in Muara Kaman District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The method used is a descriptive-quantitative approach through comparative analysis of cost and service life of three road construction alternatives: (1) natural gravel, (2) water-bound macadam (WBM), and (3) WBM with bitumen coating. Data were obtained from technical planning documents, the results of topographic surveys, basic soil CBR tests, and building material market price surveys. Efficiency analysis was carried out using the formula of the ratio of cost per meter to the life of construction services (Rp/m/year). The calculation results show that WBM + bitumen pavement has the best annual cost efficiency, which is Rp 20,417/m/year with a plan life of 12 years. Meanwhile, natural gravel despite having a low initial cost, shows the worst efficiency because its lifespan is only 4 years (Rp 30,000/m/year). Based on the topographic conditions and bearing capacity of the soil at the study site, most of which have a CBR value of <10%, a type of construction with higher durability such as WBM+ bitumen is more recommended. In conclusion, the selection of the type of road construction inspection must consider long-term efficiency, especially in areas with fairly intensive agricultural vehicle traffic. The recommendations of the results of this study are expected to be a reference for planners and implementers of irrigation projects in determining economical, technical, and sustainable road specifications.
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